KONTRIBUSI LIMBAH INDUSTRI PENYAMAKAN KULIT TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI BRANTAS DI WILAYAH KOTA DAN KABUPATEN MALANG (SEGMEN MERGOSONO–KENDALPAYAK)
Keywords:
Sungai Brantas, Penyamakan Kulit, Kualitas Air, KromiumAbstract
The Brantas River is one of the main water resources in East Java that is under pollution pressure due to industrial and domestic activities, one of which originates from the leather tanning industry. This study aims to analyze the contribution of tannery industrial wastewater to the water quality of the Brantas River based on Chromium (Cr) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) parameters, as well as to observe the extent of natural self purification processes along the river segment from Mergosono Subdistrict in Malang City to Kendalpayak Village in Malang Regency. The method used is a descriptive quantitative approach, with water sampling at 10 points along ±5 km at 500-meter intervals. Cr and BOD parameters were tested in the laboratory, while temperature, pH, DO, EC, and flow velocity were measured directly in the field. The results were compared to water quality standards based on Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry No. 68 of 2016 and Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. The results show that BOD concentrations exceeded the quality standards at all points downstream of the discharge, with the highest value reaching 74.21 mg/L. Cr was detected below the quality standard, but this is suspected to not reflect the actual concentration due to the sampling being conducted only in the surface water column and with a time delay of approximately 8 hours from the time of discharge. The downstream decrease in Cr and BOD concentrations indicates the presence of natural self-purification, although it has not been sufficient to restore water quality to a safe level. This study indicates that tannery wastewater significantly contributes to the degradation of Brantas River water quality, and that natural purification alone is insufficient to handle the pollutant load without effective wastewater management interventions
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